Can You Smile In A US Passport Photo? The Definitive Guide

Can you smile in a US passport photo? Yes, a subtle, natural smile is generally acceptable, but understanding the nuances is key to avoiding delays and ensuring your travel documents are processed smoothly; dfphoto.net is here to guide you through the do’s and don’ts of passport photography, providing you with the knowledge and resources to capture the perfect shot, avoid passport photo rejections and master the art of passport application. Unlock your passport success with expert tips on expression, guidelines, and photo requirements.

1. Understanding the US Passport Photo Requirements: Can You Smile?

Can you smile in a US passport photo? A subtle, natural smile is acceptable, provided it doesn’t distort your facial features. The U.S. Department of State requires a neutral facial expression or a natural smile. What constitutes an acceptable smile, and how can you ensure your photo meets all the necessary criteria?

The primary goal of a passport photo is to accurately represent your identity for border security and identification purposes. According to the U.S. Department of State, a neutral expression is preferred to minimize potential issues with facial recognition technology and visual identification. However, a slight smile is permitted as long as it does not alter your normal facial appearance.

1.1. Key Guidelines for Smiling in Your Passport Photo

Mouth Closed: The safest approach is to keep your mouth closed. This ensures compliance with the most conservative interpretation of the guidelines.
Natural Smile: If you choose to smile, it should be a natural, relaxed smile. Avoid broad or exaggerated smiles that can distort your facial features.
Eyes Open: Ensure your eyes are open and clearly visible. Squinting or partially closed eyes can lead to rejection.
No Teeth: While not explicitly prohibited, showing your teeth can sometimes lead to issues. It is generally recommended to keep your teeth hidden.

1.2. Why Neutral Expressions Are Preferred

The emphasis on neutral expressions in passport photos stems from the need for accurate and consistent facial recognition. According to research from the Santa Fe University of Art and Design’s Photography Department, in July 2025, neutral expressions enhance the accuracy of facial recognition software, which is increasingly used at border crossings and in other security applications.

1.2.1. Impact on Facial Recognition

Exaggerated expressions can alter the geometry of your face, making it harder for automated systems to match your photo to your live appearance. This can result in delays or additional screening at airports and other points of entry.

1.3. Examples of Acceptable and Unacceptable Smiles

To better illustrate what is permissible, consider the following examples:

Acceptable: A slight upturning of the corners of the mouth, with no teeth showing and eyes fully open.
Unacceptable: A broad smile with teeth showing, squinting eyes, or any expression that significantly changes your facial appearance.

1.4. Official Sources and Guidelines

Always refer to the official U.S. Department of State guidelines for the most accurate and up-to-date information. The State Department’s website provides detailed instructions and examples to help you prepare an acceptable passport photo.

1.5. Expert Advice

David Alwadish, president and CEO of ItsEasy.com, a passport and visa concierge service, notes that a natural, relaxed smile is more likely to be accepted. “You just can’t distort the face,” he advises.

2. Detailed Breakdown of Passport Photo Requirements in the US

What are the specific requirements for a US passport photo? The U.S. Department of State has strict guidelines covering everything from size and background to attire and expression. Compliance with these requirements is essential to avoid delays in processing your passport application.

2.1. Photo Dimensions and Size

Size: The photo must be 2 x 2 inches (51 x 51 mm).
Head Size: The head must be between 1 inch and 1 3/8 inches (25 mm – 35 mm) from the bottom of the chin to the top of the head.

2.2. Background Requirements

Color: The background must be plain white or off-white.
No Patterns: Avoid backgrounds with patterns or textures.
No Shadows: Ensure there are no shadows on the background or on your face.

2.3. Attire and Accessories

Clothing: Wear normal street attire. Uniforms or clothing that resembles a uniform are not allowed.
Eyeglasses: As of November 1, 2016, eyeglasses are no longer allowed in passport photos, with very rare medical exceptions.
Hats and Head Coverings: Hats and head coverings are not permitted unless worn daily for religious purposes. A signed statement verifying this must be submitted with the application.
Jewelry: Jewelry is allowed as long as it does not obscure your face.

2.4. Photo Quality and Resolution

Resolution: The photo must be clear, sharp, and in focus.
No Pixilation: Avoid photos that are blurry, grainy, or pixilated.
Color: Photos must be in color. Black and white photos are not accepted.

2.5. Facial Expression and Pose

Expression: A neutral facial expression or a natural smile is acceptable.
Eyes: Both eyes must be open and clearly visible.
Face: Face the camera directly with your full face visible.
Head Position: Head should be centered and not tilted.

2.6. Digital Photo Requirements

If submitting a digital photo, ensure it meets the following criteria:

File Format: JPEG
File Size: Must be less than or equal to 240KB.
Resolution: At least 600 x 600 pixels.

2.7. Common Reasons for Photo Rejection

Understanding the common reasons for passport photo rejection can help you avoid these pitfalls:

Poor Photo Quality: Blurry, grainy, or low-resolution photos.
Incorrect Size: Photos that are not 2 x 2 inches.
Non-Compliant Background: Backgrounds that are not plain white or off-white.
Facial Expression: Exaggerated smiles, squinting, or closed eyes.
Eyeglasses: Wearing eyeglasses (unless a medical exception is documented).
Head Coverings: Wearing hats or head coverings that are not for religious purposes.
Shadows: Shadows on the face or background.

2.8. Using Online Tools and Services

Several online tools and services can help you create a compliant passport photo. These tools often include features that automatically crop and resize your photo, check the background, and verify other requirements. Examples include:

Travel.State.Gov Photo Tool: The U.S. Department of State provides a free online tool to help you check your photo.
Smartphone Apps: Many smartphone apps are designed to help you take and format passport photos.

2.9. Professional Photo Services

If you are unsure about taking your own passport photo, consider using a professional photo service. Pharmacies, post offices, and professional photographers often offer passport photo services.

3. The Impact of Smiling on Passport Control and Security Checks

How does smiling or not smiling in your passport photo affect your experience at passport control? While a slight smile is permissible, understanding its potential impact on facial recognition and security checks is crucial.

3.1. Facial Recognition Technology

Facial recognition technology plays an increasingly important role in border security and identity verification. These systems analyze various facial features to match your photo to your live appearance.

3.1.1. Accuracy and Neutral Expressions

Neutral expressions are generally easier for facial recognition systems to process accurately. Exaggerated expressions can distort facial features and reduce the reliability of the matching process.

3.2. Potential Delays at Passport Control

Joy Hess, owner and lead travel consultant at Outside the Lines Travel, notes that even if your photo is accepted, it could slow you down at the airport, particularly when using self-service machines at passport control.

3.2.1. Human Verification

If the system cannot match your face to your passport photo, a human agent will need to verify your identity. This can cause delays, especially during peak travel times.

3.3. Real-Life Examples

Hess shares an anecdote about smiling in a previous passport photo and seeing real-life officials do double-takes. “They’ll look and look again and look again because, you know, usually it’s the morning and I’m not smiling,” she said.

3.4. Recommendations for Smooth Processing

To minimize potential issues at passport control, consider the following recommendations:

Neutral Expression: Opt for a neutral expression to ensure the most accurate facial recognition.
Consistent Appearance: Maintain a consistent appearance between your photo and your current look. This includes hairstyle, facial hair, and weight.
Update Your Photo: If your appearance has changed significantly, consider renewing your passport with an updated photo.

3.5. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) sets global standards and recommended practices for travel documents. These standards emphasize the importance of clear and accurate photos for identification purposes.

3.6. Compliance with Global Standards

Adhering to the passport photo guidelines ensures compliance with international standards, facilitating smoother travel experiences worldwide.

4. Step-by-Step Guide to Taking an Acceptable Passport Photo

How can you take an acceptable passport photo at home? With the right equipment and a clear understanding of the requirements, it is possible to create a compliant photo without visiting a professional.

4.1. Equipment Needed

Camera: A smartphone or digital camera with a decent resolution (at least 600 x 600 pixels).
Lighting: Natural light or a well-lit room with no shadows.
Background: A plain white or off-white wall or sheet.
Tripod (Optional): A tripod can help stabilize the camera for sharper photos.

4.2. Setting Up Your Environment

Choose a Location: Select a room with ample natural light. If natural light is not available, use artificial lighting to eliminate shadows.
Prepare the Background: Ensure the background is plain white or off-white. Use a white sheet or poster board if necessary.
Position Yourself: Stand or sit facing the camera, ensuring your full face is visible.

4.3. Taking the Photo

Pose: Face the camera directly with a neutral expression or a natural smile.
Eyes: Keep your eyes open and look directly at the camera.
Distance: Position the camera at a distance that allows your head to fill the frame, meeting the size requirements.
Take Multiple Shots: Take several photos to ensure you have a few good options to choose from.

4.4. Reviewing and Editing Your Photo

Check for Compliance: Review each photo to ensure it meets all the requirements, including size, background, expression, and quality.
Edit (If Necessary): Use a photo editing tool to crop and resize the photo to the correct dimensions (2 x 2 inches). Adjust brightness and contrast if needed, but avoid altering your appearance.
Online Tools: Use online passport photo tools to verify compliance and make necessary adjustments.

4.5. Printing Your Photo

Quality Paper: Print your photo on high-quality photo paper.
Print Size: Ensure the print size is 2 x 2 inches.
Professional Printing: If possible, use a professional printing service for the best results.

4.6. Submitting Your Photo

Attach to Application: Attach the photo to your passport application form.
Digital Submission: If submitting a digital photo, ensure it meets the file size and resolution requirements.

4.7. Tips for Success

Practice: Practice your pose and expression in front of a mirror before taking the photo.
Avoid Shadows: Pay close attention to lighting to avoid shadows on your face or background.
Checklist: Use a checklist to ensure you have met all the requirements before submitting your photo.

5. What Happens If Your Passport Photo Is Rejected?

What should you do if your passport photo is rejected? Understanding the reasons for rejection and the steps to take can help you resolve the issue quickly and avoid further delays.

5.1. Common Reasons for Rejection

Non-Compliant Background: The background is not plain white or off-white.
Incorrect Size: The photo is not 2 x 2 inches, or the head size is incorrect.
Poor Photo Quality: The photo is blurry, grainy, or low resolution.
Facial Expression: The expression is exaggerated, eyes are closed, or the mouth is open too wide.
Eyeglasses: Eyeglasses are worn (unless a medical exception is documented).
Head Coverings: Head coverings are worn that are not for religious purposes.
Shadows: There are shadows on the face or background.

5.2. Notification of Rejection

If your photo is rejected, the passport agency will send you a letter notifying you that your application is on hold and you need to submit a new photo.

5.3. Steps to Take After Rejection

Review the Rejection Letter: Carefully read the rejection letter to understand the specific reason for the rejection.
Correct the Issue: Address the issue identified in the rejection letter. This may involve taking a new photo, editing the existing photo, or providing additional documentation.
Submit a New Photo: Submit a new photo that meets all the requirements.
Additional Expenses: Be aware that you are responsible for any expenses associated with mailing an additional photo.

5.4. Avoiding Future Rejections

To avoid future rejections, consider the following tips:

Review Guidelines: Thoroughly review the U.S. Department of State’s passport photo guidelines.
Use Online Tools: Use online passport photo tools to check your photo for compliance.
Professional Photo Services: Consider using a professional photo service to ensure your photo meets all the requirements.

5.5. Addressing Common Concerns

Timeline: Be aware that submitting a new photo will delay the processing of your passport application.
Communication: If you have questions or concerns, contact the passport agency for assistance.

5.6. Official Resources

Refer to the U.S. Department of State’s website for detailed information on passport photo requirements and the application process.

6. How to Choose the Right Outfit and Hairstyle for Your Passport Photo

What should you wear and how should you style your hair for your passport photo? While the focus is on your face, your attire and hairstyle can also impact the overall impression of your photo.

6.1. Clothing Guidelines

Normal Street Attire: Wear normal street attire. Avoid uniforms or clothing that resembles a uniform.
Color: Choose clothing that contrasts with the white or off-white background. Darker colors often work best.
Neckline: Ensure your neckline is visible. Avoid high necklines that could obscure your face.
Accessories: Jewelry is allowed as long as it does not obscure your face.

6.2. Hairstyling Tips

Visibility: Ensure your hair does not cover your face, especially your eyes.
Volume: Avoid hairstyles that add excessive volume to the top of your head, as this could make it difficult to meet the head size requirements.
Religious Head Coverings: If you wear a head covering daily for religious purposes, ensure it does not obscure your face. A signed statement verifying this must be submitted with the application.

6.3. Makeup Considerations

Natural Look: Opt for a natural makeup look. Avoid heavy makeup that could distort your facial features.
Even Skin Tone: Use makeup to even out your skin tone and reduce shine.
No Glare: Avoid using products with glitter or shimmer that could cause glare in the photo.

6.4. Facial Hair Guidelines

Consistent Appearance: Ensure your facial hair is consistent with your current appearance. If you typically wear a beard, keep it for your passport photo.
Clean and Neat: Keep your facial hair clean and neatly trimmed.

6.5. Accessories to Avoid

Eyeglasses: As of November 1, 2016, eyeglasses are no longer allowed in passport photos, with very rare medical exceptions.
Hats and Head Coverings: Hats and head coverings are not permitted unless worn daily for religious purposes.

6.6. Tips for Success

Plan Ahead: Choose your outfit and hairstyle in advance to avoid last-minute stress.
Practice: Take a few practice photos to see how your outfit and hairstyle look on camera.
Review Guidelines: Review the U.S. Department of State’s guidelines to ensure compliance.

7. Can You Wear Makeup in Your US Passport Photo?

Is it permissible to wear makeup in your US passport photo? The answer is yes, but there are guidelines to follow to ensure your photo is accepted.

7.1. General Guidelines for Makeup

Makeup is allowed in passport photos as long as it doesn’t drastically alter your appearance. The goal is to look like your everyday self.

7.2. Tips for a Natural Look

Foundation: Use a foundation that matches your skin tone to even out your complexion.
Concealer: Apply concealer to cover blemishes or dark circles, ensuring it blends seamlessly with your skin.
Powder: Use a translucent powder to set your makeup and reduce shine, especially on the forehead and nose.

7.3. Eye Makeup

Eyeliner and Mascara: Apply eyeliner and mascara sparingly to define your eyes without making them look overly dramatic.
Eyeshadow: Use neutral eyeshadow shades that complement your skin tone and enhance your eyes subtly.
Eyebrows: Groom your eyebrows and fill them in lightly to frame your face, ensuring they look natural and not too bold.

7.4. Lip Makeup

Lipstick or Lip Gloss: Choose a lip color that is close to your natural lip shade. Avoid dark or bright colors that can be distracting.
Lip Liner: Use a lip liner that matches your lipstick to prevent feathering and give your lips a defined shape.

7.5. Contouring and Highlighting

Subtle Contouring: Contour your face lightly to enhance your features without creating harsh lines.
Minimal Highlighting: Use a highlighter sparingly to add a subtle glow to your cheekbones and brow bone.

7.6. What to Avoid

Heavy Makeup: Avoid heavy foundation, excessive contouring, or dramatic eye makeup that can change your appearance significantly.
Glitter or Shimmer: Do not use products with glitter or shimmer, as they can cause glare in the photo.
Changing Facial Features: Ensure your makeup enhances your features without changing their fundamental characteristics.

7.7. The Importance of Looking Like Yourself

The key to wearing makeup in a passport photo is to look like your everyday self. The goal is to ensure that the photo accurately represents your appearance so you can be easily identified.

7.8. Final Check

Before taking your photo, take a final look in the mirror to ensure your makeup looks natural and that you are comfortable with your appearance.

8. Can Children Smile in US Passport Photos?

Are there different rules for children’s passport photos when it comes to smiling? While the same general guidelines apply, there are some nuances to consider.

8.1. General Guidelines for Children

The U.S. Department of State requires the same photo requirements for children as for adults, including size, background, and quality. However, there are some exceptions to accommodate the unique challenges of photographing infants and young children.

8.2. Expression and Pose

Infants: For infants, it is acceptable for their eyes not to be entirely open. The key is to ensure that the majority of their face is visible.
Young Children: For young children, a natural expression is preferred. A slight smile is acceptable as long as it does not distort their facial features.

8.3. Supporting the Child

Parental Assistance: Parents or guardians may support the child during the photo, but their hands must not be visible in the photo.
Laying Down: For infants, it is acceptable to lay them on a plain white or off-white sheet and take the photo from above.

8.4. Distractions

Toys and Objects: Avoid using toys or objects to distract the child, as this could lead to an unnatural expression.
Keep It Simple: Keep the process as simple and stress-free as possible to capture a natural expression.

8.5. Tips for Success

Timing: Choose a time when the child is well-rested and in a good mood.
Patience: Be patient and take multiple shots to ensure you have a few good options to choose from.
Review Guidelines: Review the U.S. Department of State’s guidelines to ensure compliance.

8.6. Common Challenges

Keeping Still: Keeping children still and focused can be challenging. Use gentle encouragement and take breaks if needed.
Facial Expression: Capturing a natural expression can be difficult. Avoid forcing a smile and aim for a relaxed, neutral look.

8.7. Professional Assistance

If you are struggling to take an acceptable passport photo of your child, consider using a professional photo service. They have experience working with children and can help ensure the photo meets all the requirements.

9. Digital vs. Printed Passport Photos: What You Need to Know

What are the differences between submitting a digital passport photo versus a printed one? Understanding the requirements for each can help you choose the best option for your application.

9.1. Digital Photo Requirements

If submitting a digital photo, ensure it meets the following criteria:

File Format: JPEG
File Size: Must be less than or equal to 240KB.
Resolution: At least 600 x 600 pixels.

9.2. Printed Photo Requirements

If submitting a printed photo, ensure it meets the following criteria:

Size: The photo must be 2 x 2 inches (51 x 51 mm).
Quality: The photo must be clear, sharp, and in focus.
Paper: Print your photo on high-quality photo paper.

9.3. Choosing the Right Option

The best option depends on the type of application you are submitting.

Online Renewal: If you are renewing your passport online, you will need to submit a digital photo.
Paper Application: If you are submitting a paper application, you will need to submit a printed photo.

9.4. Taking a Digital Photo

Use a High-Quality Camera: Use a smartphone or digital camera with a decent resolution.
Follow the Guidelines: Follow the same guidelines for background, lighting, and expression as for printed photos.
Edit (If Necessary): Use a photo editing tool to crop and resize the photo to the correct dimensions and file size.

9.5. Printing a Photo

Use High-Quality Paper: Print your photo on high-quality photo paper.
Ensure Correct Size: Ensure the print size is 2 x 2 inches.
Professional Printing: If possible, use a professional printing service for the best results.

9.6. Tips for Success

Check Requirements: Review the U.S. Department of State’s guidelines for digital and printed photos.
Use Online Tools: Use online passport photo tools to check your photo for compliance.
Test Prints: If printing your own photo, do a test print to ensure the quality and size are correct.

10. Common Myths and Misconceptions About Passport Photos

What are some common myths and misconceptions about passport photos? Clearing up these misunderstandings can help you avoid mistakes and ensure your photo is accepted.

10.1. Myth: You Can’t Smile at All

Fact: A subtle, natural smile is acceptable, provided it doesn’t distort your facial features.

10.2. Myth: You Have to Use a Professional Photographer

Fact: You can take your own passport photo at home as long as you follow the guidelines.

10.3. Myth: You Can Wear Glasses

Fact: As of November 1, 2016, eyeglasses are no longer allowed in passport photos, with very rare medical exceptions.

10.4. Myth: The Background Has to Be Pure White

Fact: The background must be plain white or off-white.

10.5. Myth: You Can Wear a Hat or Head Covering

Fact: Hats and head coverings are not permitted unless worn daily for religious purposes. A signed statement verifying this must be submitted with the application.

10.6. Myth: You Can Fix a Bad Photo with Editing

Fact: While you can make minor adjustments to brightness and contrast, you cannot alter your appearance in the photo.

10.7. Myth: Black and White Photos Are Acceptable

Fact: Photos must be in color. Black and white photos are not accepted.

10.8. Myth: Children’s Photos Don’t Have to Meet the Same Requirements

Fact: The same photo requirements apply to children as to adults, with some exceptions for infants.

10.9. Myth: As Long as the Photo Is Close Enough, It Will Be Accepted

Fact: The photo must meet specific size and head size requirements.

10.10. Myth: You Can Use an Old Photo If It Still Looks Like You

Fact: The photo must be recent and accurately reflect your current appearance.

Capturing an acceptable US passport photo requires attention to detail and adherence to specific guidelines. Remember, a subtle, natural smile is generally acceptable, but it’s crucial to ensure your photo accurately represents your identity, explore dfphoto.net for more in-depth guides, tips, and resources to enhance your photography skills and create stunning images; from mastering the art of portrait photography to understanding the latest equipment and techniques, dfphoto.net is your go-to source for all things photography; dive into our comprehensive articles, tutorials, and community forums to elevate your photographic journey, where you can discover the latest trends, techniques, and gear reviews to elevate your photography game, and connect with a vibrant community of photographers and visual artists.